Do GEE and GLM estimate the same coefficients?












3














In a GLM, the likelihood equations depend on the assumed distribution only through the mean and the variance. The likelihood equations are



$$sum_i^n (frac{partial mu_i}{partial eta_i}) frac{y_i - mu_i}{Var(Y_i)}x_{ij} = 0, quad (j = 1, ..., p)$$



and in the quasi-likelihood case, we just let $Var(Y_i) = v(mu_i)$ be some function of the mean. For GEE, the response is extended to be multivariate, with an assumed correlation structure, with the quasi-likelihood equations.



Does this imply that GEE and GLM will have the same parameter (say $beta$) estimates (population averaged) with the only difference being correct standard errors in the GEE case (Assuming clustered data?)



If the estimated coefficients are not the same, then what is the difference?






regression clustering generalized-linear-model estimation gee







share|cite|improve this question



























    3














    In a GLM, the likelihood equations depend on the assumed distribution only through the mean and the variance. The likelihood equations are



    $$sum_i^n (frac{partial mu_i}{partial eta_i}) frac{y_i - mu_i}{Var(Y_i)}x_{ij} = 0, quad (j = 1, ..., p)$$



    and in the quasi-likelihood case, we just let $Var(Y_i) = v(mu_i)$ be some function of the mean. For GEE, the response is extended to be multivariate, with an assumed correlation structure, with the quasi-likelihood equations.



    Does this imply that GEE and GLM will have the same parameter (say $beta$) estimates (population averaged) with the only difference being correct standard errors in the GEE case (Assuming clustered data?)



    If the estimated coefficients are not the same, then what is the difference?






    regression clustering generalized-linear-model estimation gee







    share|cite|improve this question

























      3












      3








      3







      In a GLM, the likelihood equations depend on the assumed distribution only through the mean and the variance. The likelihood equations are



      $$sum_i^n (frac{partial mu_i}{partial eta_i}) frac{y_i - mu_i}{Var(Y_i)}x_{ij} = 0, quad (j = 1, ..., p)$$



      and in the quasi-likelihood case, we just let $Var(Y_i) = v(mu_i)$ be some function of the mean. For GEE, the response is extended to be multivariate, with an assumed correlation structure, with the quasi-likelihood equations.



      Does this imply that GEE and GLM will have the same parameter (say $beta$) estimates (population averaged) with the only difference being correct standard errors in the GEE case (Assuming clustered data?)



      If the estimated coefficients are not the same, then what is the difference?






      regression clustering generalized-linear-model estimation gee







      share|cite|improve this question













      In a GLM, the likelihood equations depend on the assumed distribution only through the mean and the variance. The likelihood equations are



      $$sum_i^n (frac{partial mu_i}{partial eta_i}) frac{y_i - mu_i}{Var(Y_i)}x_{ij} = 0, quad (j = 1, ..., p)$$



      and in the quasi-likelihood case, we just let $Var(Y_i) = v(mu_i)$ be some function of the mean. For GEE, the response is extended to be multivariate, with an assumed correlation structure, with the quasi-likelihood equations.



      Does this imply that GEE and GLM will have the same parameter (say $beta$) estimates (population averaged) with the only difference being correct standard errors in the GEE case (Assuming clustered data?)



      If the estimated coefficients are not the same, then what is the difference?






      regression clustering generalized-linear-model estimation gee




      regression clustering generalized-linear-model estimation gee






      share|cite|improve this question













      share|cite|improve this question











      share|cite|improve this question




      share|cite|improve this question










      asked 4 hours ago









      MarcelMarcel

      403111




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          Yes. GEE and GLM will indeed have the same coefficients, but different standard errors. To check, run an example in R. I've taken this example from Chapter 25 of Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods, 5th by Kleinbaum, et. al (just because it's on my desk and references GEE and GLM):



          library(geepack)
          
library(lme4)
          

          
#get book data from 
          
mydf<-read.table("http://www.hmwu.idv.tw/web/bigdata/rstudio-readData/tab/ch25q04.txt", header=TRUE)
          
mydf<-data.frame(subj=mydf$subj, week=as.factor(mydf$week), fev=mydf$fev)
          
#Make 5th level the reference level to match book results
          
mydf$          week<-relevel(mydf$week, ref="5")
          

          
#Fit GLM Mixed Model
          
mixed.model<-summary(lme4::lmer(fev~week+(1|subj),data=mydf))
          
mixed.model$coefficients
          

          
                Estimate Std. Error     t value
          
(Intercept)  6.99850  0.2590243 27.01870247
          
week1        2.81525  0.2439374 11.54087244
          
week2       -0.15025  0.2439374 -0.61593680
          
week3        0.00325  0.2439374  0.01332309
          
week4       -0.04700  0.2439374 -0.19267241
          

          
#Fit a gee model with any correlation structure.  In this case AR1
          
gee.model<-summary(geeglm(fev~week, id=subj, waves=week, corstr="ar1", data=mydf))
          
gee.model$coefficients
          

          
            [Estimate   Std.err         Wald  Pr(>|W|)
          
(Intercept)  6.99850 0.2418413 8.374312e+02 0.0000000
          
week1        2.81525 0.2514376 1.253642e+02 0.0000000
          
week2       -0.15025 0.2051973 5.361492e-01 0.4640330
          
week3        0.00325 0.2075914 2.451027e-04 0.9875090
          
week4       -0.04700 0.2388983 3.870522e-02 0.8440338][1]


          Note the first and second columns of the output in each model. They coefficients are identity, but standard errors differ.






          share|cite|improve this answer

















          • 1




            And does this remain the case when we choose a non-linear link function?
            – Marcel
            3 hours ago










          • The OP asked about a GLM, however, not a mixed GLM, correct? So it should be glm(fev ~ week) vs the geeglm. In that case, the GEE and GLM will agree, ut but differ in standard errors. This isn't necessarily the case for a multilevel model; see an example in a question I posted when the parameters of a multilevel model don't have anywhere near the same coefficients as a GEE: stats.stackexchange.com/questions/358231/…
            – Mark White
            1 hour ago












          • @MarkWhite nice catch, I didn't even notice he was fitting a mixed effects model. It is curious that they have the same coefficients, since I was under the impression that GLMM and GEE do not produce equivalent estimates, as you said.
            – Marcel
            1 hour ago











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          Yes. GEE and GLM will indeed have the same coefficients, but different standard errors. To check, run an example in R. I've taken this example from Chapter 25 of Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods, 5th by Kleinbaum, et. al (just because it's on my desk and references GEE and GLM):



          library(geepack)
          
library(lme4)
          

          
#get book data from 
          
mydf<-read.table("http://www.hmwu.idv.tw/web/bigdata/rstudio-readData/tab/ch25q04.txt", header=TRUE)
          
mydf<-data.frame(subj=mydf$subj, week=as.factor(mydf$week), fev=mydf$fev)
          
#Make 5th level the reference level to match book results
          
mydf$          week<-relevel(mydf$week, ref="5")
          

          
#Fit GLM Mixed Model
          
mixed.model<-summary(lme4::lmer(fev~week+(1|subj),data=mydf))
          
mixed.model$coefficients
          

          
                Estimate Std. Error     t value
          
(Intercept)  6.99850  0.2590243 27.01870247
          
week1        2.81525  0.2439374 11.54087244
          
week2       -0.15025  0.2439374 -0.61593680
          
week3        0.00325  0.2439374  0.01332309
          
week4       -0.04700  0.2439374 -0.19267241
          

          
#Fit a gee model with any correlation structure.  In this case AR1
          
gee.model<-summary(geeglm(fev~week, id=subj, waves=week, corstr="ar1", data=mydf))
          
gee.model$coefficients
          

          
            [Estimate   Std.err         Wald  Pr(>|W|)
          
(Intercept)  6.99850 0.2418413 8.374312e+02 0.0000000
          
week1        2.81525 0.2514376 1.253642e+02 0.0000000
          
week2       -0.15025 0.2051973 5.361492e-01 0.4640330
          
week3        0.00325 0.2075914 2.451027e-04 0.9875090
          
week4       -0.04700 0.2388983 3.870522e-02 0.8440338][1]


          Note the first and second columns of the output in each model. They coefficients are identity, but standard errors differ.






          share|cite|improve this answer

















          • 1




            And does this remain the case when we choose a non-linear link function?
            – Marcel
            3 hours ago










          • The OP asked about a GLM, however, not a mixed GLM, correct? So it should be glm(fev ~ week) vs the geeglm. In that case, the GEE and GLM will agree, ut but differ in standard errors. This isn't necessarily the case for a multilevel model; see an example in a question I posted when the parameters of a multilevel model don't have anywhere near the same coefficients as a GEE: stats.stackexchange.com/questions/358231/…
            – Mark White
            1 hour ago












          • @MarkWhite nice catch, I didn't even notice he was fitting a mixed effects model. It is curious that they have the same coefficients, since I was under the impression that GLMM and GEE do not produce equivalent estimates, as you said.
            – Marcel
            1 hour ago
















          2














          Yes. GEE and GLM will indeed have the same coefficients, but different standard errors. To check, run an example in R. I've taken this example from Chapter 25 of Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods, 5th by Kleinbaum, et. al (just because it's on my desk and references GEE and GLM):



          library(geepack)
          
library(lme4)
          

          
#get book data from 
          
mydf<-read.table("http://www.hmwu.idv.tw/web/bigdata/rstudio-readData/tab/ch25q04.txt", header=TRUE)
          
mydf<-data.frame(subj=mydf$subj, week=as.factor(mydf$week), fev=mydf$fev)
          
#Make 5th level the reference level to match book results
          
mydf$          week<-relevel(mydf$week, ref="5")
          

          
#Fit GLM Mixed Model
          
mixed.model<-summary(lme4::lmer(fev~week+(1|subj),data=mydf))
          
mixed.model$coefficients
          

          
                Estimate Std. Error     t value
          
(Intercept)  6.99850  0.2590243 27.01870247
          
week1        2.81525  0.2439374 11.54087244
          
week2       -0.15025  0.2439374 -0.61593680
          
week3        0.00325  0.2439374  0.01332309
          
week4       -0.04700  0.2439374 -0.19267241
          

          
#Fit a gee model with any correlation structure.  In this case AR1
          
gee.model<-summary(geeglm(fev~week, id=subj, waves=week, corstr="ar1", data=mydf))
          
gee.model$coefficients
          

          
            [Estimate   Std.err         Wald  Pr(>|W|)
          
(Intercept)  6.99850 0.2418413 8.374312e+02 0.0000000
          
week1        2.81525 0.2514376 1.253642e+02 0.0000000
          
week2       -0.15025 0.2051973 5.361492e-01 0.4640330
          
week3        0.00325 0.2075914 2.451027e-04 0.9875090
          
week4       -0.04700 0.2388983 3.870522e-02 0.8440338][1]


          Note the first and second columns of the output in each model. They coefficients are identity, but standard errors differ.






          share|cite|improve this answer

















          • 1




            And does this remain the case when we choose a non-linear link function?
            – Marcel
            3 hours ago










          • The OP asked about a GLM, however, not a mixed GLM, correct? So it should be glm(fev ~ week) vs the geeglm. In that case, the GEE and GLM will agree, ut but differ in standard errors. This isn't necessarily the case for a multilevel model; see an example in a question I posted when the parameters of a multilevel model don't have anywhere near the same coefficients as a GEE: stats.stackexchange.com/questions/358231/…
            – Mark White
            1 hour ago












          • @MarkWhite nice catch, I didn't even notice he was fitting a mixed effects model. It is curious that they have the same coefficients, since I was under the impression that GLMM and GEE do not produce equivalent estimates, as you said.
            – Marcel
            1 hour ago














          2












          2








          2






          Yes. GEE and GLM will indeed have the same coefficients, but different standard errors. To check, run an example in R. I've taken this example from Chapter 25 of Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods, 5th by Kleinbaum, et. al (just because it's on my desk and references GEE and GLM):



          library(geepack)
          
library(lme4)
          

          
#get book data from 
          
mydf<-read.table("http://www.hmwu.idv.tw/web/bigdata/rstudio-readData/tab/ch25q04.txt", header=TRUE)
          
mydf<-data.frame(subj=mydf$subj, week=as.factor(mydf$week), fev=mydf$fev)
          
#Make 5th level the reference level to match book results
          
mydf$          week<-relevel(mydf$week, ref="5")
          

          
#Fit GLM Mixed Model
          
mixed.model<-summary(lme4::lmer(fev~week+(1|subj),data=mydf))
          
mixed.model$coefficients
          

          
                Estimate Std. Error     t value
          
(Intercept)  6.99850  0.2590243 27.01870247
          
week1        2.81525  0.2439374 11.54087244
          
week2       -0.15025  0.2439374 -0.61593680
          
week3        0.00325  0.2439374  0.01332309
          
week4       -0.04700  0.2439374 -0.19267241
          

          
#Fit a gee model with any correlation structure.  In this case AR1
          
gee.model<-summary(geeglm(fev~week, id=subj, waves=week, corstr="ar1", data=mydf))
          
gee.model$coefficients
          

          
            [Estimate   Std.err         Wald  Pr(>|W|)
          
(Intercept)  6.99850 0.2418413 8.374312e+02 0.0000000
          
week1        2.81525 0.2514376 1.253642e+02 0.0000000
          
week2       -0.15025 0.2051973 5.361492e-01 0.4640330
          
week3        0.00325 0.2075914 2.451027e-04 0.9875090
          
week4       -0.04700 0.2388983 3.870522e-02 0.8440338][1]


          Note the first and second columns of the output in each model. They coefficients are identity, but standard errors differ.






          share|cite|improve this answer












          Yes. GEE and GLM will indeed have the same coefficients, but different standard errors. To check, run an example in R. I've taken this example from Chapter 25 of Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods, 5th by Kleinbaum, et. al (just because it's on my desk and references GEE and GLM):



          library(geepack)
          
library(lme4)
          

          
#get book data from 
          
mydf<-read.table("http://www.hmwu.idv.tw/web/bigdata/rstudio-readData/tab/ch25q04.txt", header=TRUE)
          
mydf<-data.frame(subj=mydf$subj, week=as.factor(mydf$week), fev=mydf$fev)
          
#Make 5th level the reference level to match book results
          
mydf$          week<-relevel(mydf$week, ref="5")
          

          
#Fit GLM Mixed Model
          
mixed.model<-summary(lme4::lmer(fev~week+(1|subj),data=mydf))
          
mixed.model$coefficients
          

          
                Estimate Std. Error     t value
          
(Intercept)  6.99850  0.2590243 27.01870247
          
week1        2.81525  0.2439374 11.54087244
          
week2       -0.15025  0.2439374 -0.61593680
          
week3        0.00325  0.2439374  0.01332309
          
week4       -0.04700  0.2439374 -0.19267241
          

          
#Fit a gee model with any correlation structure.  In this case AR1
          
gee.model<-summary(geeglm(fev~week, id=subj, waves=week, corstr="ar1", data=mydf))
          
gee.model$coefficients
          

          
            [Estimate   Std.err         Wald  Pr(>|W|)
          
(Intercept)  6.99850 0.2418413 8.374312e+02 0.0000000
          
week1        2.81525 0.2514376 1.253642e+02 0.0000000
          
week2       -0.15025 0.2051973 5.361492e-01 0.4640330
          
week3        0.00325 0.2075914 2.451027e-04 0.9875090
          
week4       -0.04700 0.2388983 3.870522e-02 0.8440338][1]


          Note the first and second columns of the output in each model. They coefficients are identity, but standard errors differ.







          share|cite|improve this answer












          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer










          answered 4 hours ago









          StatsStudentStatsStudent

          4,98332042




          4,98332042








          • 1




            And does this remain the case when we choose a non-linear link function?
            – Marcel
            3 hours ago










          • The OP asked about a GLM, however, not a mixed GLM, correct? So it should be glm(fev ~ week) vs the geeglm. In that case, the GEE and GLM will agree, ut but differ in standard errors. This isn't necessarily the case for a multilevel model; see an example in a question I posted when the parameters of a multilevel model don't have anywhere near the same coefficients as a GEE: stats.stackexchange.com/questions/358231/…
            – Mark White
            1 hour ago












          • @MarkWhite nice catch, I didn't even notice he was fitting a mixed effects model. It is curious that they have the same coefficients, since I was under the impression that GLMM and GEE do not produce equivalent estimates, as you said.
            – Marcel
            1 hour ago














          • 1




            And does this remain the case when we choose a non-linear link function?
            – Marcel
            3 hours ago










          • The OP asked about a GLM, however, not a mixed GLM, correct? So it should be glm(fev ~ week) vs the geeglm. In that case, the GEE and GLM will agree, ut but differ in standard errors. This isn't necessarily the case for a multilevel model; see an example in a question I posted when the parameters of a multilevel model don't have anywhere near the same coefficients as a GEE: stats.stackexchange.com/questions/358231/…
            – Mark White
            1 hour ago












          • @MarkWhite nice catch, I didn't even notice he was fitting a mixed effects model. It is curious that they have the same coefficients, since I was under the impression that GLMM and GEE do not produce equivalent estimates, as you said.
            – Marcel
            1 hour ago








          1




          1




          And does this remain the case when we choose a non-linear link function?
          – Marcel
          3 hours ago




          And does this remain the case when we choose a non-linear link function?
          – Marcel
          3 hours ago












          The OP asked about a GLM, however, not a mixed GLM, correct? So it should be glm(fev ~ week) vs the geeglm. In that case, the GEE and GLM will agree, ut but differ in standard errors. This isn't necessarily the case for a multilevel model; see an example in a question I posted when the parameters of a multilevel model don't have anywhere near the same coefficients as a GEE: stats.stackexchange.com/questions/358231/…
          – Mark White
          1 hour ago






          The OP asked about a GLM, however, not a mixed GLM, correct? So it should be glm(fev ~ week) vs the geeglm. In that case, the GEE and GLM will agree, ut but differ in standard errors. This isn't necessarily the case for a multilevel model; see an example in a question I posted when the parameters of a multilevel model don't have anywhere near the same coefficients as a GEE: stats.stackexchange.com/questions/358231/…
          – Mark White
          1 hour ago














          @MarkWhite nice catch, I didn't even notice he was fitting a mixed effects model. It is curious that they have the same coefficients, since I was under the impression that GLMM and GEE do not produce equivalent estimates, as you said.
          – Marcel
          1 hour ago




          @MarkWhite nice catch, I didn't even notice he was fitting a mixed effects model. It is curious that they have the same coefficients, since I was under the impression that GLMM and GEE do not produce equivalent estimates, as you said.
          – Marcel
          1 hour ago


















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          Boot-repair Failure: Unable to locate package grub-common:i386

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          0 I am on a system dual-booting Windows and Debian (usually using the latter), and a recent Windows update appears to have wreaked havoc on the Debian boot system. I managed to boot Windows again, but not Linux. Following online suggestions, I created a Live USB of Ubuntu, and booted from that. Then I have installed and run the boot-repair utility. The utility instructs me to type several lines including sudo chroot "/mnt/boot-sav/sda6" apt-get purge -y grub*-common grub-common:i386 To which I receive the error E: Unable to locate package grub-common:i386 I am given to understand the issue may have to do with having UEFI vs BIOS (I believe I have UEFI), but do not understand this well. In any case I have subsequently run the boot-repair BootInfo Summary utility which created the following file h...
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          濃尾地震

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          濃尾地震 『岐阜市街大地震之図』 歌川国利画 本震 発生日 1891年（明治24年）10月28日 発生時刻 6時38分50秒（JST） 震央 日本 岐阜県本巣郡西根尾村（現・本巣市） 北緯35度35分 東経136度20分（ 地図 ） 規模    マグニチュード（M）8.0 最大震度    震度7： 注1 福井県今立郡鯖江町、愛知県葉栗郡大田島村、東春日井郡勝川村 地震の種類 直下型地震 被害 死傷者数 死者7,273人、負傷者17,175人 注1：当時の震度階級では「激烈」 プロジェクト:地球科学 プロジェクト:災害 テンプレートを表示 濃尾地震 （のうびじしん）は、1891年（明治24年）10月28日に濃尾地方で発生した、日本史上最大の内陸地殻内地震。「 美濃・尾張地震 （みの・おわりじしん）」とも呼ばれている。辛卯の年に発生したことから 辛卯震災 と呼んでいる報告書もある。 目次 1 概要 1.1 震源断層 2 被害 3 各地の震度 4 前兆現象 5 報道 6 学術的な意義 7 地震防災 8 脚注 9 関連項目 10 外部リンク 概要 濃尾地震発生当時の根尾谷断層 濃尾地震を引き起こした根尾谷断層 写真中央を斜めに走る段差が根尾谷断層 濃尾地震は、1891年10月28日6時38分50秒に発生した。震源は、岐阜県本巣郡西根尾村（現・本巣市）、北緯35度35分、東経136度20分付近。河角廣 (1951) は岐阜市付近（北緯35.6度、東経136.6度）に震央を仮定し規模 M K = 7.0 を与え [1] 、マグニチュードは M = 8.4 に換算されているが、明治・大正期の地震については0.5程度大きく見積もられているとされる [2] 。また、震央距離と震度との関係など当時のデータから後にM8.0 [3] とも推定される。アメリカ地質調査所 (USGS) でも8.0としている [4] 。「根尾谷断層帯」が活動した典型的な内陸地殻内地震（いわゆる直下型地震）であり、これは記録が残っている日本の内陸...
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