Yrurtj

Does this laptop with Lubuntu 18.04 have a bootloader installed and use it? If not, what does it use instead? What is its booting process like?

Does the laptop use UEFI instead of BIOS?
Is UEFI a bootloader besides a replacement of BIOS?

I follow https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/137587/674 to find out bootloader.

Thanks.

$ sudo parted -l

[sudo] password for t: 

Model: ATA TOSHIBA MQ01ABF0 (scsi)

Disk /dev/sda: 500GB

Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B

Partition Table: gpt

Disk Flags: 



Number  Start   End    Size   File system  Name                  Flags

 1      1049kB  538MB  537MB  fat32        EFI System Partition  boot, esp

 2      538MB   500GB  500GB  ext4



$ sudo dd if=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1 2>&1 | grep GRUB

$ sudo dd if=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1 2>&1 | grep LILO

$ sudo ./bootinfoscript --stdout

                  Boot Info Script 0.61      [1 April 2012]





============================= Boot Info Summary: ===============================



 => No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda.



sda1: __________________________________________________________________________



    File system:       vfat

    Boot sector type:  FAT32

    Boot sector info:  No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.

    Operating System:  

    Boot files:        /efi/BOOT/fbx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/fwupx64.efi 

                       /efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/mmx64.efi 

                       /efi/ubuntu/shimx64.efi



sda2: __________________________________________________________________________



    File system:       ext4

    Boot sector type:  -

    Boot sector info: 

    Operating System:  Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS

    Boot files:        /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab



============================ Drive/Partition Info: =============================



Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________

Disk /dev/sda: 465.8 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disklabel type: gpt



Partition  Boot  Start Sector    End Sector  # of Sectors  Id System



/dev/sda1                   1   976,773,167   976,773,167  ee GPT





GUID Partition Table detected.



Partition    Start Sector    End Sector  # of Sectors System

/dev/sda1           2,048     1,050,623     1,048,576 EFI System partition

/dev/sda2       1,050,624   976,771,071   975,720,448 Data partition (Linux)



"blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________



Device           UUID                                   TYPE       LABEL



/dev/sda1        0C1E-EE69                              vfat       

/dev/sda2        7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f   ext4       



================================ Mount points: =================================



Device           Mount_Point              Type       Options



/dev/sda1        /boot/efi                vfat       (rw,relatime,fmask=0077,dmask=0077,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro)

/dev/sda2        /                        ext4       (rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered)





=========================== sda2/boot/grub/grub.cfg: ===========================



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#

# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE

#

# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates

# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub

#



### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###

if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then

  set have_grubenv=true

  load_env

fi

if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then

   set default="${next_entry}"

   set next_entry=

   save_env next_entry

   set boot_once=true

else

   set default="0"

fi



if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then

  menuentry_id_option="--id"

else

  menuentry_id_option=""

fi



export menuentry_id_option



if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then

  set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"

  save_env saved_entry

  set prev_saved_entry=

  save_env prev_saved_entry

  set boot_once=true

fi



function savedefault {

  if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then

    saved_entry="${chosen}"

    save_env saved_entry

  fi

}

function recordfail {

  set recordfail=1

  if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi

}

function load_video {

  if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then

    insmod all_video

  else

    insmod efi_gop

    insmod efi_uga

    insmod ieee1275_fb

    insmod vbe

    insmod vga

    insmod video_bochs

    insmod video_cirrus

  fi

}



if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then

   font=unicode

else

insmod part_gpt

insmod ext2

set root='hd0,gpt2'

if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then

  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f

else

  search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f

fi

    font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2"

fi



if loadfont $font ; then

  set gfxmode=auto

  load_video

  insmod gfxterm

  set locale_dir=$prefix/locale

  set lang=en_US

  insmod gettext

fi

terminal_output gfxterm

if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ] ; then

  set timeout=30

else

  if [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then

    set timeout_style=hidden

    set timeout=0

  # Fallback hidden-timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is

  # unavailable.

  elif sleep --interruptible 0 ; then

    set timeout=0

  fi

fi

### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###



### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###

set menu_color_normal=white/black

set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray

### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###



### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###

function gfxmode {

    set gfxpayload="${1}"

    if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then

        set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=1

    else

        set vt_handoff=

    fi

}

if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then

  if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then

    if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then

      if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then

        set linux_gfx_mode=keep

      else

        set linux_gfx_mode=text

      fi

    else

      set linux_gfx_mode=text

    fi

  else

    set linux_gfx_mode=keep

  fi

else

  set linux_gfx_mode=text

fi

export linux_gfx_mode

menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f' {

    recordfail

    load_video

    gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode

    insmod gzio

    if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi

    insmod part_gpt

    insmod ext2

    set root='hd0,gpt2'

    if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then

      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f

    else

      search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f

    fi

        linux   /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-45-generic root=UUID=7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff

    initrd  /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-45-generic

}

submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f' {

    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.15.0-45-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.15.0-45-generic-advanced-7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f' {

        recordfail

        load_video

        gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode

        insmod gzio

        if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi

        insmod part_gpt

        insmod ext2

        set root='hd0,gpt2'

        if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then

          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f

        else

          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f

        fi

        echo    'Loading Linux 4.15.0-45-generic ...'

            linux   /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-45-generic root=UUID=7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff

        echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'

        initrd  /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-45-generic

    }

    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.15.0-45-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.15.0-45-generic-recovery-7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f' {

        recordfail

        load_video

        insmod gzio

        if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi

        insmod part_gpt

        insmod ext2

        set root='hd0,gpt2'

        if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then

          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f

        else

          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f

        fi

        echo    'Loading Linux 4.15.0-45-generic ...'

            linux   /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-45-generic root=UUID=7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f ro recovery nomodeset 

        echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'

        initrd  /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-45-generic

    }

    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.15.0-20-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.15.0-20-generic-advanced-7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f' {

        recordfail

        load_video

        gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode

        insmod gzio

        if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi

        insmod part_gpt

        insmod ext2

        set root='hd0,gpt2'

        if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then

          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f

        else

          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f

        fi

        echo    'Loading Linux 4.15.0-20-generic ...'

            linux   /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-20-generic root=UUID=7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f ro  quiet splash $vt_handoff

        echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'

        initrd  /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-20-generic

    }

    menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 4.15.0-20-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-4.15.0-20-generic-recovery-7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f' {

        recordfail

        load_video

        insmod gzio

        if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi

        insmod part_gpt

        insmod ext2

        set root='hd0,gpt2'

        if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then

          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt2 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt2 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt2  7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f

        else

          search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f

        fi

        echo    'Loading Linux 4.15.0-20-generic ...'

            linux   /boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-20-generic root=UUID=7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f ro recovery nomodeset 

        echo    'Loading initial ramdisk ...'

        initrd  /boot/initrd.img-4.15.0-20-generic

    }

}



### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###



### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###



### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###



### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###

### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ###



### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###

### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###



### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###

menuentry 'System setup' $menuentry_id_option 'uefi-firmware' {

    fwsetup

}

### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###



### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###

# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries.  Simply type the

# menu entries you want to add after this comment.  Be careful not to change

# the 'exec tail' line above.

### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###



### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###

if [ -f  ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then

  source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg

elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f  $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then

  source $prefix/custom.cfg;

fi

### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------



=============================== sda2/etc/fstab: ================================



--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

# /etc/fstab: static file system information.

#

# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a

# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices

# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).

#

# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>

# / was on /dev/sda2 during installation

UUID=7a7ed7ca-d939-49d6-8951-ba573929f41f /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1

# /boot/efi was on /dev/sda1 during installation

UUID=0C1E-EE69  /boot/efi       vfat    umask=0077      0       1

/swapfile                                 none            swap    sw              0       0

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------



=================== sda2: Location of files loaded by Grub: ====================



           GiB - GB             File                                 Fragment(s)





=============================== StdErr Messages: ===============================



cat: /tmp/BootInfo-7fBr4xK8/Tmp_Log: No such file or directory